ສິ່ງທີ່ເຮັດໃຫ້ນັກທຸລະກິດມືໃໝ່ ບໍ່ປະສົບຄວາມສໍາເລັດ…

ທ່ານມີອາຊີບໃນຝັນຂອງທ່ານບໍ່ ? ຖ້າທ່ານເປັນຄົນທີ່ມີອາຍຸ 30 ປີຂຶ້ນໄປ ທ່ານຈະເຄີຍມີອາຊີບ ທະຫານ, ຕຳຫຼວດ, ໝໍ, ສາວທະນາຄານ ແລະ ອື່ນໆ ທີ່ກ່ຽວພັນນຳພະນັກງານລັດ ຫຼື ບໍລິສັດເອກະຊົນ. ແຕ່ຖ້າມື້ນີ້, ທ່ານໄດ້ຖາມຄຳຖາມດຽວກັນນີ້ກັບເດັກນ້ອຍລຸ້ນໃໝ່ ໂດຍສະເພາະຄົນທີ່ກຳລັງຈະຮຽນຈົບ ຄວາມຝັນຂອງຄົນເຫຼົ່ານີ້ສ່ວນຫຼາຍແມ່ນຢາກເປັນ “ນັກທຸລະກິດ” ຫຼື “ເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການ” ແຕ່ທ່ານຮູ້ຫຼືບໍ່ວ່າ ຕາມສະຖິຕິ ທຸລະກິດທຳອິດມີທ່າອ່ຽງບໍ່ປະສົບຜົນສໍາເລັດເຖິງ 90% ພາຍໃນເວລາ 3 ປີ ໝາຍຄວາມວ່າ: ມີຄວາມສ່ຽງລົ້ມລະລາຍເຖິງ 99% ຫຼັງຈາກທີ່ຜ່ານໄປ ອີກ 3 ປີ. ເມື່ອໄດ້ຍິນແນວນີ້, ທ່ານຍັງຄິດວ່າການເຮັດທຸລະກິດເປັນເລື່ອງທີ່ງ່າຍອີກບໍ່? ແລ້ວຍ້ອນຫຍັງຄົນສ່ວຍຫຼາຍຈຶ່ງພົບກັບການລົ້ມລະລາຍ ໃນທຸລະກິດທໍາອິດຂອງຕົນ? ເຮົາລອງມາຫາຄຳຕອບກັນ

ຄວາມຈິງແລ້ວການເຮັດທຸລະກິດ ກໍຄືການແລ່ນໄລຍະໄກ ຫຼື ມາຣາທອນ (Marathon) ນັ້ນເອງ. ຜູ້ແລ່ນນອກຈາກຕ້ອງກະກຽມຮ່າງກາຍໃຫ້ພ້ອມກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນແລ້ວ ສິ່ງທີ່ສຳຄັນທີ່ສຸດຄືຕ້ອງກຽມໃຈ ແລະ ເຂົ້າໃຈ ກ່ອນລົງມືເຮັດ. ສະນັ້ນ, ເຮົາລອງມາລໍາດັບເບິ່ງວ່າ ມີຫຍັງແດ່ທີ່ນັກທຸລະກິດມືໃໝ່ມັກເຂົ້າໃຈຜິດ.

1. “ເຈົ້າຂອງທຸລະກິດມີເວລາຫຼາຍ” ຫຼາຍຄົນຢາກເຮັດທຸລະກິດເພາະເຫັນວ່າ: ນັກທຸລະກິດມີເວລາຫຼາຍ ບໍ່ຕ້ອງເຂົ້າວຽກ 8-5 ໂມງ. ແຕ່ຄວາມຈິງແລ້ວ, ເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການໃໝ່ຈະບໍ່ມີເວລາເລີຍ ບໍ່ວ່າມື້ທໍາມະດາ ຫຼື ວັນເສົາ-ອາທິດ ກໍຕາມ ໂດຍສະເພາະແມ່ນທຸລະກິດບໍລິການ ທີ່ເປັນມື້ພັກສຳລັບຄົນທົ່ວໄປ ແຕ່ມື້ນັ້ນຈະເປັນມື້ຫາເງິນສຳລັບທຸລະກິດ ເຊິ່ງຫາກທຳໃຈເລື່ອງນີ້ບໍ່ໄດ້ ກໍເລີ່ມເຮັດທຸລະກິດບໍ່ໄດ້ ຫຼື ບໍ່ປະສົບຜົນສຳເລັດໄດ້.
2. “ບໍ່ມີເງິນເດືອນ” ເຊື່ອວ່າຫຼາຍຄົນເຮັດຜິດພາດກັບຂໍ້ນີ້, ເພາະທຸກຄົນກໍຍ່ອມເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າລາຍຮັບຂອງທຸລະກິດກໍຄືລາຍຮັບຂອງຕົນ ແລະ ບາງຄັ້ງກໍໃຊ້ຈ່າຍຈົນທຸລະກິດຂາດສະພາບຄ່ອງ ກໍລະນີນີ້ ມີໃຫ້ເຫັນເລື້ອຍໆ. ສະນັ້ນ, ເຈົ້າຂອງທຸລະກິດຈຶ່ງຄວນຕັ້ງເງິນເດືອນໃຫ້ຕົນເອງຢ່າງເໝາະສົມ.
3. “ສະບາຍສະບາຍ” ນອກຈາກຈະຄິດວ່າເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການມີເວລາຫຼາຍແລ້ວ, ຫຼາຍຄົນຍັງຄິດວ່າຈະສະບາຍ ເພາະມີແຕ່ສັ່ງການ. ແຕ່ຄວາມຈິງແລ້ວ, ເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການທີ່ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃໝ່ ຈະຕ້ອງລົງມືເຮັດທຸກຢ່າງ ແລະ ເຂົ້າໃຈທຸກເລື່ອງຢ່າງເລິກເຊິ່ງ ແລະ ສ່ວນຫຼາຍ ຈະຕ້ອງເຮັດວຽກຫຼາຍກວ່າລູກນ້ອງ ຫຼາຍເທົ້າໃນໄລຍະທຳອິດ ເຊັ່ນ: Steve Job ໃນໄລຍະທີ່ເລີ່ມສ້າງບໍລິສັດ Apple ຫຼື ຕ໋ອບ ເຈົ້າຂອງແບຣນ “ເຖົ້າແກ່ນ້ອຍ” ເປັນຕົວຢ່າງທີ່ດີ ໃນການເປັນຜູ້ລົງມືເຮັດ, ລົງເຫື່ອແຮງ ແລະ ເວລາຢ່າງເຕັມສ່ວນ.
4. “ເປັນນາຍຂອງຕົນເອງ” ນີ້ຄືຄວາມຝັນຂອງຫຼາຍຄົນ ທີ່ຄິດຢາກເລີ່ມຕົ້ນທຸລະກິດຍ້ອນຢາກເປັນນາຍຂອງຕົນເອງ, ບໍ່ຕ້ອງເຮັດຕາມຄໍາສັ່ງໃຜ. ແຕ່ໃນຄວາມເປັນຈິງແລ້ວ ເຮົາມັກຈະໄດ້ຍິນຄໍາເວົ້າວ່າ: “ລູກຄ້າຄືພະເຈົ້າ” ເພາະລູກຄ້າຄືຄົນເອົາເງິນມາໃຫ້. ສະນັ້ນ, ສຽງຂອງລູກຄ້າຕ້ອງສຳຄັນສຳລັບທຸລະກິດສະເໝີ ແລະ ອີກກຸ່ມຄົນໜຶ່ງທີີ່ສຳຄັນກໍຄື “ລູກນ້ອງທີ່ເກັ່ງ” ກໍເປັນນາຍ, ເພາະຖ້າເບິ່ງແຍງລູກນ້ອງບໍ່ດີ ລູກນ້ອງກໍອາດລາອອກໄປເຮັດວຽກໃຫ້ຄູ່ແຂ່ງນຳອີກ… ສະຫຼຸບແລ້ວ ທຸກໆຄົນແມ່ນເປັນນາຍເຮົາ.

5. “ເປີດຮ້ານ ຫຼື ເຮັດທຸລະກິດຕາມກະແສ” ຫຼາຍຄົນມັກຈະເປີດ ຫຼື ເຮັດທຸລະກິດຕາມກະແສ ແລະ ມັກຈະຄິດວ່າທຸລະກິດນັ້ນເປັນທຸລະກິດທີ່ດີ, ເພາະມັນເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໄດ້ງ່າຍ ແລະ ມັກຈະເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ສ້າງລາຍຮັບໄດ້ຢ່າງວ່ອງໄວ. ແຕ່ທ່ານອາດລືມໄປວ່າ, ຖ້າທ່ານຍິ່ງເລີ່ມຕົ້ນມັນໄດ້ງ່າຍເທົ່າໃດ ຄູ່ແຂ່ງກໍເລີ່ມໄດ້ງ່າຍໆເຊັ່ນກັນ ແລະ ມັກຈະຈົບດ້ວຍການເຈັ້ງແບບ “ໂດມີໂນ້” (ເພາະທຸລະກິດທີ່ເຈັ້ງສ່ວນຫຼາຍ ສາເຫດມາຈາກການເຮັດຕາມກະແສ)

6. “ຢາກຮັ່ງມີ” ຫຼາຍຄົນຕັ້ງເປົ້າໝາຍວ່າຢາກຮັ່ງມີ ແຕ່ພັດຕ້ອງເປັນໜີ້ ເພາະທຸລະກິດຢູ່ບໍ່ລອດ. ຂໍ້ນີ້ເປັນໜຶ່ງໃນຂໍ້ທີ່ຂັດໃຈສຳລັບມືໃໝ່ຫຼາຍໆຄົນ ເພາະຖ້າເຮັດທຸລະກິດແລ້ວບໍ່ຢາກຮັ່ງມີ ແລ້ວເຮົາຈະເຮັດໄປເຮັດຫຍັງ? ຄວາມຈິງແລ້ວ, ເຮົາບໍ່ສາມາດປະຕິເສດໄດ້ວ່າ: ທຸກທຸລະກິດຕ້ອງການສ້າງກໍາໄລ ແຕ່ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນທຸລະກິດຄວນຈະເລີ່ມຈາກຄວາມມັກ ຄວາມຫຼົງໄຫຼ ເຮັດທຸລະກິດຈາກໃຈ ທີ່ສາມາດຜະລິດສິນຄ້າ ຫຼື ບໍລິການ ທີ່ແກ້ໄຂບັນຫາ ຫຼື ຕອບໂຈດຜູ້ບໍລິໂພກ ເຮັດໃຫ້ການໃຊ້ຊີວິດຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າດີຂຶ້ນ ສະດວກສະບາຍຂຶ້ນ. ສິ່ງເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນຕ່າງຫາກ ທີ່ຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ຜູ້ປະກອບການທັງຫຼາຍຮັ່ງມີ ແລະ ຍິ່ງຮັ່ງຂຶ້ນ ສ່ວນຜູ້ທີ່ຢາກຮັ່ງມີຢ່າງດຽວ ກໍມັກຈະເປັນໜີ້ຕະຫຼອດ.

7. “ຢາກສຳເລັດຂ້າມຄືນ” ມີຫຼາຍຄົນຄາດຫວັງທີ່ຈະເປີດກິດຈະການໃດໜຶ່ງ ແລ້ວຢາກໃຫ້ມັນປະສົບຜົນສໍາເລັດໃນເວລາອັນສັ້ນ ນັ້ນເກືອບເປັນໄປບໍ່ໄດ້ເລີຍ. ໃນຫຼາຍກໍລະນີ, ເຮົາເຫັນບາງກິດຈະການມີຈຸດແຂງພຽງໜ້ອຍດຽວ ແຕ່ເປັນຫຍັງເຮົາຈຶ່ງຍັງບໍ່ສາມາດເອົາຊະນະເຂົາໄດ້? ນັ້ນກໍຍ້ອນຄວາມເຊື່ອໝັ້ນຈາກຜູ້ບໍລິໂພກ ຫຼື ການສ້າງຍີ່ຫໍ້ (Branding) ທີ່ຕະຫຼາດລຶ້ງເຄີຍ ເຊິ່ງສິ່ງເຫຼົ່ານີ້ອາດຕ້ອງໃຊ້ເວລາສ້າງເປັນສິບປີ.

8. “ຫົວຫນ້າເກັ່ງທຸກຢ່າງ” ເຮົາອາດເຄີຍເຫັນຜູ້ໃຫຍ່ສະໄໝກ່ອນ ທີ່ມີຄວາມສາມາດຫຼາຍຢ່າງ, ໂດຍສະເພາະເລື່ອງວຽກ ເພິ່ນຈະຮອບຮູ້ທຸກຢ່າງ. ແຕ່ການເຮັດທຸລະກິດໃນເງື່ອນໄຂຂອງໂລກປັດຈຸບັນ ການທີ່ຜູ້ປະກອບການເຮັດໄດ້ຫຼາຍຢ່າງ ບໍ່ຕອບໂຈດອີກຕໍ່ໄປ. ແຕ່ການມີລູກນ້ອງທີ່ເກັ່ງສະເພາະດ້ານໃດດ້ານໜຶ່ງ, ເກັ່ງແບບລົງເລິກກັບສິ່ງນັ້ນແທ້ໆ ເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ບໍລິສັດຕ້ອງການທີ່ສຸດ. ສະນັ້ນ, ເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການທຸກມື້ນີ້ ບໍ່ຈຳເປັນຕ້ອງເກັ່ງທຸກຢ່າງກໍໄດ້, ແຕ່ຕ້ອງຮູ້ຈັກຄວບຄຸມຄົນເກັ່ງໆໃຫ້ເປັນ. ເພາະຖ້າເຂົາບໍ່ຢູ່ນຳເຮົາ ນັ້ນສະແດງວ່າເຂົາຈະເປັນຄູ່ແຂ່ງຂອງເຮົາໃນອະນາຄົດ.

 

9. “ການຂາຍ ເປັນສິ່ງໜ້າອາຍ” ຫຼາຍຄົນທີ່ເປັນພະນັກງານຫ້ອງການ ຫຼື ເປັນຄົນມີໜ້າຕາໃນລະດັບໜຶ່ງ ມັກຈະອາຍຫາກຕ້ອງເປັນຄົນຂາຍ, ເພາະເຂົາມັກຄິດວ່າມັນຄວນເປັນໜ້າທີ່ຂອງພະນັກງານ. ແຕ່ໃນຄວາມເປັນຈິງແລ້ວ ເຈົ້າຂອງກິດຈະການທີ່ດີ ຕ້ອງເປັນນັກຂາຍທີ່ເດັ່ນ, ເພາະເຮົາຕ້ອງຂາຍຄວາມຝັນ ຂາຍຈິນຕະນາການ ຂາຍຜະລິດຕະພັນ ໃຫ້ແກ່ທັງລູກນ້ອງ ແລະ ລູກຄ້າໃນເວລາດຽວກັນ. ຖ້າເຮົາສາມາດຂາຍສິ່ງເຫຼົ່ານີ້ໄດ້ ຄວາມສຳເລັດກໍຢູ່ໃນກໍາມືແລ້ວ. ຕົວຢ່າງ: ບໍໍລິສັດແອັບເປິນ (Apple) ເປັນບໍລິສັດທີ່ໃຫ້ຄວາມສຳຄັນກັບການຂາຍທີ່ສຸດ, ມີມູນຄ່າສູງທີ່ສຸດໃນໂລກ ແລະ ມີເງິນສົດຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນໂລກ.

ທັງໝົດນີ້ແມ່ນ 9 ຂໍ້ ທີ່ຜູ້ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນທຸລະກິດມັກເຂົ້າໃຈຜິດ ແລະ ນຳໄປສູ່ຄວາມລົ້ມລະລາຍ. ເຊິ່ງເບິ່ງແລ້ວກໍບໍ່ຕ່າງຈາກການຂັບລົດຜິດເສັ້ນທາງ, ແນ່ນອນເມື່ອໄປຜິດທາງ ນອກຈາກຈະເສຍເວລາແລ້ວ ເຮົາຍັງຫ່າງຈາກເປົ້າໝາຍ ຫຼື ຄວາມໃຝ່ຝັນອອກໄປຕື່ມອີກ. ແຕ່ສິ່ງທີ່ສໍາຄັນບໍ່ໜ້ອຍກວ່າຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈກໍຄືການລົງມືເຮັດ. ແລ້ວທ່ານເດໄດ້ລົງມືເຮັດແລ້ວບໍ່? ຫຼື ເຂົ້າໃກ້ຄວາມຝັນທີ່ຈະເປັນຜູ້ປະກອບການແລ້ວບໍ່?

(ວາລະສານທາເກັດ ສະບັບ 149 ເດືອນທັນວາ 2018 ໄດ້ທີ ສຳນັກງານຫ້ອງການພາກລັດ ແລະ ເອກະຊົນ, ຫ້ອງສະໝຸດ, ຮ້ານອາຫານ, ຮ້ານກາເຟ, ຮ້ານ kaogee cafe, ຮ້ານ The pizza company ແລະ ຫຼາຍໆສະຖານທີ່ໃນນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນທີ່ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງວາບະສານ ຫຼື ສອບຖາມຈອງເປັນສະມາຊິກໄດ້ທີ່ເບີ 021 216 666) 

Obstacles to new businesses succeeding

Do you have a dream job? If you are aged 30 years or more, you may have been a soldier, police officer, doctor, bank clerk, or something else which involves leading other people in either the State or private sector but today, we asked the same question to children of the next generation, especially those close to high school graduation. The dream job for the majority of these children was to be a businessperson or business owner but statistics show that new businesses have a failure rate of 90% over the first three years, meaning that there is a 99% risk going bankrupt by the end of this period. In light of this, do you think a businessperson has an easy job? And what about the vast majority of people who go bankrupt before their business have got off the ground? Let’s look for some answers:

In reality, doing is business is like running a marathon. The runners have to prepare physically so that they are ready to compete and the most important things are a readiness and understanding before doing. Therefore, we can take a look at what new businesspeople tend to misunderstand:

1. “Business owners have plenty of time”: Many people want to be a businessperson because they believe that businesspeople have plenty of time and do not have to work from 8am-5pm but the reality is that owners of new businesses have no spare time at all, on both working days and on weekends. This is especially true for service businesses, which have to provide services on the days off of ordinary people but these are the days on which they make their money for their business. If they cannot accept this, then they cannot start a new business or succeed at it.
2. “Business owners are not limited to a salary”: People misunderstand that the income of a business is the income of its owner and sometimes overspend to the point that the business has no cash flow. This takes place very often. Therefore, a business owner should set themselves a suitable salary.
3. “Comfort”: In addition to believing that businesspeople have plenty of spare time, many people also believe that it is a comfy life because all you have to do is delegate. In reality, however, a business owner newly starting out will have to do all kinds of things and understand everything in depth – they usually have to work harder than their employees at first. Steve Jobs, for example, when he founded Apple, which is now the world’s number one brand name, is a good example as he had to work so hard that he could be considered a workaholic.
4. “Being one’s own boss”: It is the dream of many people to be their own boss and think of starting a business with this in mind as they would not have to be ordered around. In reality, however, they must bear in mind that the “customer is always right” because it is the customers who bring us money. Therefore, the client’s voice has to be paramount for the business at all times. Another group of people are smart employees, who like to behave as if they were the boss. If we do not treat them well, they will go and work for our competitors. In summary, the general public becomes our boss.
5. “Passive income”: Many people like to have financial freedom and misunderstand that as soon as they have started their own business, it will be able to support them financially without their having to work any longer. In reality, however, such companies exist only on the Lao Securities Exchange (LSX); ordinary businesses, especially those which have been running for less than six years, have to think further ahead.
6. “Opening a restaurant or some other business according to current trends”: Many people like to open businesses according to current trends and like to think that their business is good because it has started off well and seems to be generating a reasonable income but they are forgetting that the easier it is to start a business, the easier it will be for our competitors too and everyone will start to drop like dominoes (because the business will be failing mostly due to their focus on current trends).
7. “Desire for wealth”: Many people set the target that if you want to be rich, you have to borrow or your business will not survive. This is a trap into which many new businesspeople fall because if you want to do a business but do not want to be rich, then why would you do it? In reality, it cannot be denied that all businesses need to earn a profit but at the start, a business should arise out of something we love so that we do it with our heart, thereby improving our lives and earning a more comfortable style of living. This mentality has enriched many people and made people already rich yet richer while those who seek wealth alone tend to end up to their eyeballs in debt.
8. “I want to succeed overnight”: Many people expect to open a business and want it to succeed fast. This is almost always impossible. In most cases, we see businesses with all but negligible strengths but cannot understand why we are unable to defeat them. This is because of consumer confidence and branding. People are accustomed to buying from them and it can take ten years to build this up.
9. “Managers are good at everything”: We may have been the boss before and wielded an array of skills, especially concerning work, and understand everything that is to be understood but doing business in today’s world and being an entrepreneur flushed with all the skills of yesterday no longer applies. These days, what a business needs most are specialized employees who have true expertise and a deep knowledge into what they do. Therefore, business owners of today do not have to be skilled at everything; they need to know how to manage smart people because if they do not want to stick with us, they will become our competitors in the future.
10. “Salesmanship is embarrassing”: Many office workers or people with a certain level of charisma tend to be embarrassed to be seen as a salesperson because they like to think that they should be getting on with the work in their office while in reality, a good business owner has to be an excellent salesperson because they have to sell the dream, concept, and product to both their staff and customers at the same time. If we are able to sell a given product, we will be successful. For example, Apple is a company which values salesmanship as paramount and more important than all the riches and fortunes of the world.

The above ten mistakes are examples of things commonly misunderstood by businesspeople and lead them to bankruptcy. If you look at it this way, it is no different from driving in the wrong lane – you will undoubtedly end up in the wrong place and in addition to wasting time, you will be further from your targets and dreams than before. Something of considerable importance, however, is that you understand something and get on with it. So, how about you? Are you getting on with what needs to be done rather than getting lost in the dream of being an entrepreneur?

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